Carbon Steel
Characteristics:
Strong, durable, and relatively inexpensive, suitable for structural applications
Prone to rust, so surface preparation and coatings are essential for corrosion resistance.
- Good weldability, but may require preheating depending on grade.
Fabrication:
Cutting is straightforward with laser or oxy-fuel methods
Preheating might be required for thicker sections before welding to prevent cracking
- Moderately easy to form and shape
Grades:
- European Grades: S235, S275, S355, S690, S700
- ASTM Grades : A36 , A572, A500,
Stainless Steel
Characteristics:
- Strong and durable, though varies by grade (e.g., austenitic vs. martensitic), and expensive
Several finish options such as polishing and passivation make it ideal for aesthetic and hygienic applications
- Excellent resistance to rust and oxidation due to chromium content.
Fabrication:
- Employ TIG welding for precision and to maintain corrosion resistance; avoid contamination from carbon steel tools.
Clean and passivate after fabrication to remove contaminants
- Allow for spring-back when bending
Grades:
- 304, 310, 316,320
- 430,439
- 2205, 2507
Aluminium
Characteristics:
- Low density makes it ideal for applications where weight and or corrosion resistance is a concern.
- Relatively soft and ductile, making it prone to scratching or deformation during fabrication.
- Naturally forms a protective oxide layer, resisting rust.
Fabrication:
- MIG or TIG welding with proper shielding gas to prevent oxidation.
Clean surfaces with tools (dedicated to aluminum) to avoid contamination.
Support thin sheets during forming to prevent cracking due to its softness.
Grades:
- 6060, 6061, 6063, 6081
- 5005, 5083, 5182, 5754
- 1050, 2011,7075
