The casting process influences mechanical properties like strength, hardness, and toughness. Factors such as cooling rates, mold material, and heat treatment can all affect the final properties. For example:

  • Cooling rate: A faster cooling rate typically leads to finer grains, which can improve the strength and toughness of the material.
  • Heat treatment: Post-casting heat treatments like annealing can reduce residual stresses, improve ductility, and enhance corrosion resistance.